Pomeranian 101: Your Complete Guide To The Pom Pom

The Pomeranian, affectionately known as “Pom Pom,” is a breed that captures hearts with its fox-like expression, vivacious personality, and lush, fluffy coat. Belonging to both the toy and Spitz groups, Pomeranians are compact but packed with a bold and spirited demeanor, characteristic of larger Spitz-type dogs. Despite their small size, they hold a prominent place in the world of companion dogs, cherished for their loyalty and the cheer they bring to their families.

In this comprehensive guide, we delve into the essentials of Pomeranian ownership, enriched by insights from Cece, a dedicated Pomeranian owner for over five years. Cece’s firsthand experiences provide invaluable lessons on the nuances of caring for a Pomeranian. 

She shares the joys and challenges of living with this breed, offering advice that ranges from the importance of early training to prevent habitual barking to the necessity of meticulous grooming and dental care. Her stories and tips serve as a crucial resource for anyone considering welcoming a Pomeranian into their life, ensuring potential owners are well-prepared for the delightful yet demanding journey of raising a “Pom.”

Pomeranian Keypoints

1. Pomeranians are ideal for apartment living due to their small stature.
2. They are energetic and affectionate, perfect for families with older kids and individuals alike.
3. Regular brushing and grooming are essential to maintain their fluffy coats.
4. Pomeranians are known for their tendency to bark, which can be managed with proper training.
5. Their small and delicate structure requires careful handling, especially around children and larger animals.
6. Dental problems and other health issues are common, necessitating attentive care.
7. Despite some challenges, Pomeranians are highly trainable and can excel in obedience and agility.
8. Their alertness makes them excellent watchdogs, despite their small size.
9. While they can adapt to various living situations, their barking and energy levels need consideration.
10. Pomeranians thrive on companionship and do not like being left alone for long periods.

Understanding the Pomeranian: Breed Overview

The Pomeranian is a tiny bundle of joy wrapped in a fluffy coat, belonging to the toy group but with the heart of a Spitz. These little guys are more than just their adorable looks; they carry the legacy of their larger, hardier Spitz relatives, like the Huskies and Malamutes, but in a package that fits perfectly on your lap. 

Despite weighing just about three to seven pounds, don’t be fooled—their personalities are as big as any of their larger cousins. They strut their stuff with a lion-like mane and have the energy to match, often acting more like big dogs trapped in small bodies.

Pomerania Origins

• Pomeranians come from Pomerania, an area in northern Poland and Germany. This region has a rich history that contributed to the dog breed’s evolution. 
• The breed gained massive popularity thanks to Queen Victoria, who owned a small Pomeranian. 

Pomeranian Temperament

Pomeranians are the life of the party—playful, affectionate, and always up for some fun. They’re the kind of pet that’ll bring a smile to your face with their antics and infectious energy. But it’s not all play; these little pups are also sharp and alert, making great little watchdogs who’ll keep an ear out for anything amiss.

Cece, who’s been sharing her life with a Pom for over five years, sheds light on a crucial point about their care: “They might play tough, but they’re really quite delicate,” she explains. This fragility means Poms need to be handled with care. 

Cece emphasizes the importance of being extra cautious, especially in homes with lots of activity or other larger pets. “You’ve got to keep a close eye on them,” she advises, “because their adventurous spirit could easily get them into trouble.” Her experiences underline the need for a safe space where these tiny companions can explore freely without the risk of getting hurt.

Fun Fact:  The Pom has such a unique coat that scientists have even done studies on using their fur to create fabric!

If you’re curious about Pomeranian dogs, you’ll find they are lively and affectionate. Let’s get into what makes these little pups stand out in personality and behavior.

Personality Traits

Pomeranians are known for their bold and inquisitive nature. As a spitz breed, they carry a heritage of alertness and are always aware of their surroundings. Despite their small size, don’t be fooled—they have the heart of a much larger dog. Pomeranians are often described as vivacious and full of life, with a touch of mischief in their playful actions.

Socialization Needs

From early on, Pomeranians need to meet lots of different people and experience various sights and sounds. This helps them become well-rounded and friendly. Keep interactions positive, as Poms can become bossy if they think they’re in charge. Regular playdates can also help minimize their tendency to engage in too much barking.

Interaction with Family & animals

Pomeranians tend to bond most with one or two people and they enjoy being the “child” in the house. So this is the ideal breed for adults who live alone, retirees, or empty-nesters. They are not suitable for homes with small children because of their fragility.

They can get along well with other animals, despite being a bit sassy. However, be careful of keeping them with big dogs that could accidentally hurt them. 

Can Pomeranians Be Left Alone?

Poms are best not left alone for long hours, as they can be prone to separation anxiety and excessive barking if you need to go off to work for long hours. They do better in quiet homes where somebody is home most of the time, although they are adaptable.

Pros and Cons of Owning a Pomeranian

Owning a Pomeranian is like having a big dose of joy packed into a tiny, fluffy package. But like all breeds, there are both upsides and challenges to consider. Here’s a breakdown:

Is a Pomeranian High Maintenance?

Yes, Pomeranians are high maintenance, but for many, their companionship is well worth the effort. Here’s what keeping a Pom primped and healthy involves:

Grooming 

Their luxurious double coat needs regular brushing to prevent mats and tangles. Cece points out, “It’s not just about looking good. Proper grooming is essential for their health.”

Dental Care

Those tiny mouths need daily brushing. “Poms are prone to dental issues, so keep those pearly whites clean,” advises Cece.

Exercise Needs

When you’ve got a lively Pomeranian pup, remember they’re quite energetic! Even though they’re small, your Pomeranian needs regular exercise to stay happy and healthy. Aim for at least 30 minutes of activity each day. This could be a spirited game of fetch or a brisk walk around the block – whatever gets that little tail wagging!

Indoor Activities

• Play hide and seek with treats.
• Short, fun training sessions of basic commands like sit or stay.

Outdoor Fun

• Take a walk in the park.
• Enjoy a safe off-leash area for a good run.
• Pomeranians can excel in agility courses too!

Remember to break up their exercise into smaller sessions so they don’t get too tired. Pomeranians are known for their big personalities but have small bodies after all!

Exercise Tips

• Start slow if your Pomeranian isn’t used to regular exercise.
• In hot weather, walk them during the cooler parts of the day.
• Always have water ready to keep your pup hydrated.

Pomeranian Grooming Needs

Grooming a Pomeranian is not just about keeping them looking their best—it’s crucial for their health and well-being. These little fluff balls require regular grooming to maintain their coat, skin, and overall health. Here’s how you can keep your Pom primped and comfortable, with insights from Cece, who has mastered the art of grooming her own Pomeranian to keep stress levels low.

Regular Brushing

Brushing is the cornerstone of Pomeranian grooming due to their thick, double coat. To prevent matting and reduce shedding, brush your Pom at least three times a week, or daily during seasonal shedding periods. Use a pin brush and a metal comb to gently work through the coat, reaching down to the undercoat to remove loose fur and prevent tangles.

The Teddy Bear Cut

One of the most popular haircuts for Pomeranians is the teddy bear cut, which gives them a charmingly youthful and fluffy appearance. 

This style involves trimming the hair shorter on the body but leaving it longer and fuller on the face, giving the face that signature round, teddy bear-like look. This cut not only looks adorable but also makes the coat easier to manage.

Self-Grooming

Cece prefers to handle the grooming herself, finding it reduces stress for her Pom. “I’ve taken to grooming her at home to keep her comfortable and calm, ensuring she feels safe throughout the process,” Cece shares. 

By grooming her Pomeranian herself, Cece can maintain a consistent routine that suits her dog’s temperament and needs.

Comprehensive Care

Beyond coat care, Pomeranian grooming also includes:

• Regular nail trims are necessary to prevent discomfort and mobility issues. Use a small clipper to avoid cutting into the quick, which can be painful and may lead to bleeding.
• Check and clean their ears weekly to prevent wax build-up and infections, using a vet-approved ear cleaner.
• Regularly wipe around your Pom’s eyes with a soft, damp cloth to remove any dirt or discharge, preventing tear staining.
• Brush their teeth daily to prevent dental issues, which are common in small breeds.

Anal Area Trimming

Cece notes, “It’s important to keep their anal area trimmed to avoid hygiene issues.” This helps prevent matting and keeps the area clean, especially important for a breed as fluffy as the Pomeranian.

By incorporating these grooming practices, you ensure that your Pomeranian not only looks good but also stays healthy. Regular grooming sessions are also a great way to strengthen the bond between you and your Pom, making them feel loved and cared for.

Living with a Pomeranian

Living with a Pomeranian is a big adventure! They’re perfect for apartment dwellers, provided you manage a few key aspects:

Great for Small Spaces

Poms don’t need a backyard to be happy. A small play area inside and regular walks are enough to keep them content.

Frequent Bathroom Breaks

Their small bladders mean they need to go often. “Pee pads can be a lifesaver, especially if you’re away at work,” suggests Cece.

Noise Considerations

Their barking can be an issue in noise-sensitive complexes. Cece’s tip: “Consistent training from puppyhood can help keep their barking in check.”

In sum, a Pomeranian can be the perfect pet for someone who appreciates a lively, loving companion and doesn’t mind the grooming brushes, dental care, and barking training that come along with them.

Managing Energy and Playfulness

Despite being a toy dog breed, Pomeranians have a medium energy level. They love to play and need regular exercise, but this can often be satisfied with indoor games and short walks. It’s good for their health and helps manage their playful energy. 

Set aside time for interactive toys and games that stimulate their mind and body. Keep in mind that puppies may have more energy and require more playtime and supervision.

Diet and Nutrition for Your Pomeranian

Now, let’s look at the Basics of Pom Pom nutrition:

Puppy Diet: Power-Up Meals

When your Pomeranian is a puppy, think of their diet as a series of small but mighty meals. Their little stomachs need frequent feeding schedules packed with nutrients to help them grow strong and healthy. It’s like fueling up a tiny superhero—regular power-ups to keep them zooming!

Adult Pomeranian: Keeping Things Balanced

As your Pom grows up, maintaining a balanced diet becomes key to keeping them spry and healthy. Opt for dog food specially formulated for small breeds, which helps meet their energetic needs while preventing weight gain. Remember, each Pom has their own likes and dislikes, so finding a food that ticks both the taste and nutrition box might take some taste-testing.

Senior Nutrition: Watching the Calories

Once your Pomeranian hits their senior years, they won’t be as active as they once were. With a slower metabolism, they’ll need fewer calories to avoid putting on extra pounds. Keep an eye on their treat intake—too many can lead to weight issues that are tough to bounce back from in older age.

Managing Hypoglycemia

Young or stressed Pomeranians can sometimes face a drop in blood sugar, known as hypoglycemia. This can be pretty dangerous, but sticking to a regular feeding schedule with the right kind of food can help fend off these scary dips.

Dental Care: Keep Those Pearly Whites Shiny

Those adorable tiny teeth need extra care to avoid dental problems. Dry kibble can help reduce plaque buildup, but incorporating dental treats and brushing regularly will keep your Pom’s smile bright and healthy.

Home-Cooked Meals

Feeling adventurous in the kitchen? Cooking for your Pom can be a fun way to bond, but make sure to consult your vet to ensure the meals are nutritionally balanced. You want to make sure you’re not missing any key ingredients or accidentally including something that could be harmful.

Hydration is Key

And don’t forget about water! Always have fresh water available for your Pomeranian. Staying hydrated is crucial for their overall well-being.

Best Dog Food for Pomeranians

Choosing the right food for your Pomeranian is crucial to keeping them healthy and happy. Pomeranians, with their small stature and vibrant energy, require a diet that’s specifically tailored to their unique nutritional needs. Here’s a breakdown of some top dog food options that cater to the needs of this delightful breed:

Premium Dry Food for Small Breeds:

Royal Canin Pomeranian Adult 

Specially formulated for Pomeranians, this food considers their unique jaw and dental needs, helping to maintain their fluffy coat while ensuring the right caloric intake to manage their weight.

Blue Buffalo Life Protection Formula Small Breed Adult

This food includes small-sized kibble perfect for tiny jaws, packed with deboned chicken and whole grains to support active energy needs and muscle maintenance.

Wet Food Options

Hill’s Science Diet Small Paws for Small Breeds 

Ideal for more finicky eaters, this wet food is both nutritious and easy to eat, making it a great option for older Pomeranians or those with dental issues.

Wellness CORE Grain-Free Small Breed Mini Meals 

These pouches are easy to serve and perfect for Pomeranians, providing a grain-free option that’s packed with protein.

Specially Formulated for Sensitive Stomachs : Canidae PURE Small Breed Recipe 

 With limited ingredients for better digestion, this recipe uses 8 key ingredients ideal for Pomeranians with sensitive stomachs, featuring real meat and whole foods.

Raw and Alternative Diet Options: Orijen Small Breed Grain-Free Dry Dog Food 

Packed with free-run chicken and turkey, wild-caught fish, and cage-free eggs, this food provides a high-protein diet designed to mimic the natural dietary needs of dogs in the wild.

Dietary Additions: Greenies Teenie Dental Dog Treats 

While not a complete food, these treats are great for dental health, helping to keep those tiny Pomeranian teeth clean and healthy.

When choosing food for your Pomeranian, it’s important to consider their age, weight, activity level, and any health issues they may have. Always ensure that the kibble size is appropriate for their small mouths to prevent choking hazards and make eating easier. 

Pomeranian Physical Characteristics

When you’re looking to bring a Pomeranian into your life, understanding their physical characteristics is essential. They’re small dogs with a lot of personalities, and their appearance is just as distinctive and charming as their spirited demeanor. Let’s take a closer look at what makes a Pomeranian stand out.

Size and Weight

Pomeranians are part of the toy dog breed group, which means they’re petite. On average, their height ranges from 6 to 7 inches at the shoulder. As for weight, a healthy Pomeranian typically weighs between 3 to 7 pounds. Despite their small size, they pack a lot of energy and boldness.

Coat Type

One of the most striking features of a Pomeranian is their luxurious double coat. The undercoat is soft and dense, while the outer coat is longer and textured. This is not an allergy-friendly coat and does shed.

The most common colors are orange and orange sable, but you might be surprised by the variety.  From the Pomeranian Standard, we know that all colors and patterns are equally acceptable in the breed.

What are the different colors that Pomeranians come in?

Pomeranians boast a rainbow of coat colors, including black, white, chocolate, red, orange, cream, blue, sable, and even patterns like brindle and merle.

Distinct Features

The face of a Pomeranian is often described as ‘foxy’, characterized by alert, bright eyes and small, erect ears. Another distinct trait is their ruff – the impressive fringe of fur around their neck, which gives them a majestic, lion-like look.

 If you’ve ever seen a Pomeranian trotting down the street, you’ve probably noticed their plumed tail arched over their back, which is another hallmark of the breed. Whether it’s a Black & Tan Pomeranian or a Black & White Parti Pomeranian, each of these dogs has a unique set of features contributing to their unmistakable and adorable appearance.

Pomeranian Health Issues

When it comes to your Pomeranian’s health, being proactive is key. Understanding how to care for your pup can make a big difference in ensuring a happy and long lifespan.

How Long Do Pomeranians Live?

Pomeranians are known for their relatively long lifespan, often ranging from 12 to 16 years. To help your Pom achieve a full lifespan, focus on providing optimal nutrition and regular exercise.

Cardiovascular Conditions

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA): Common in Pomeranians, especially females, where a blood vessel fails to close after birth, potentially causing heart problems.

Dermatological Conditions

Alopecia X: This breed frequently experiences unexplained hair loss, particularly notable in neutered dogs in the US and Japan.

Demodicosis: A skin condition caused by mites, with young Pomeranians being especially susceptible.

Endocrine Conditions

Hypothyroidism: Pomeranians are at an increased risk, where the thyroid gland underperforms, affecting metabolism.

Gastrointestinal Conditions

Congenital Portosystemic Shunt: A condition where blood bypasses liver processing, more prevalent in Pomeranians than in many other breeds.

Musculoskeletal Conditions

Patellar Luxation: Common in Pomeranians, this involves the dislocation of the kneecap, often requiring surgery.

Neurological Conditions

Atlantoaxial Subluxation: A joint instability in the neck, particularly risky for young Pomeranians, which can lead to severe symptoms.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD): Pomeranians can suffer from spinal issues, especially in the neck, leading to pain and possibly paralysis.

Renal and Urinary Conditions

Urolithiasis (Calcium Oxalate Kidney and Bladder Stones): Pomeranians have a high risk of developing kidney stones compared to other breeds.

Reproductive Conditions

Cryptorchidism: Male Pomeranians frequently have undescended testicles, a condition that can lead to health issues later in life.

Dystocia and Eclampsia: These conditions are common during birth, with Pomeranians having a higher risk of complications due to their small size.

Respiratory Conditions

Tracheal Collapse: A common issue in small breeds, causing cough and breathing difficulties, particularly prevalent in older Pomeranians.

Training and Socialization

Training your Pomeranian can be a rewarding experience. These tiny dogs pack a lot of intelligence, which makes them responsive to learning. However, it’s not just about smarts; consistency and early socialization play big parts in your Pomeranian’s training success.

Early Training

When you bring a Pomeranian into your home, start training right away. Their intelligence means they pick up on things quickly, especially when you’re consistent. Early socialization is key. You’ll want to gently expose your Pomeranian to different people, pets, and experiences. This helps prevent excessive barking and nervousness around others.

• Consistency –  Keep training sessions short and regular.
• Socialization – Introduce your Pomeranian to new experiences early.

Behavioral Adjustments

Your Pomeranian might develop some less-than-desirable behaviors, like unnecessary yapping. To curb this, you’ll need to be patient and persistent. Remember, Pomeranians are smart and can learn to adjust their behavior with proper guidance. Supervision is important, so you can correct these behaviors as they happen.

• Barking –  Redirect attention to stop unwanted barking.
• Supervision – Monitor interactions with other pets and people.

Positive Reinforcement

Always focus on positive reinforcement. Pomeranians respond well to treats and praise. Let your pup know they’ve done a great job when they follow commands or interact well with your family and other pets. This not only builds an affectionate bond but encourages them to keep up the good work.

• Rewards – Use treats, praise, or play as rewards.
• Affection – Give lots of love for positive behavior.

By using these methods, you’re on your way to having a well-trained and loyal companion who is a pleasure to be around for your family and friends.

Choosing a Pomeranian

When you decide to bring a Pomeranian into your life, it’s important to consider whether you’re looking for a puppy or an adult, and whether you want to purchase from a breeder or adopt from a rescue.

Selecting a Puppy

When you’re looking at Pomeranian puppies, seek reputable breeders, such as those recognized by the American Pomeranian Club. Be sure to visit the breeder, observe the puppies’ environment, and meet the parents if possible. Look for a puppy that is active, healthy, and interacts well with its siblings.

• Health – Ensure they’ve had initial vaccinations.
• Temperament – Look for a playful yet not overly dominant personality.
• Breed Standard – Familiarize yourself with the Pomeranian Club of America breed standards.

Considerations for Adults

Adult Pomeranians can be a great choice, especially if you prefer a dog with a known temperament. They may already be house-trained and socialized which can save a lot of time and effort.

• Behavior –  Determine if they are comfortable around children or other pets.
• Medical History – Check their medical background for any potential ongoing health issues.
• Adaptability – Ensure they can adapt to your lifestyle and living situation.

Adoption and Rescue

Look into adoption options at local animal shelters or contact a rescue group.

• Rescue and Adoption –  Organizations like Recycle Pomeranians Rescue often have Pomeranians needing homes.
• Benefits of Adoption –  It can be more affordable and you are giving a dog a second chance.
• Support –  Most rescues provide post-adoption support and can help with the transition to your home.

How Much Do Pomeranians Cost?

When you’re thinking about getting a Pomeranian, or a “Pom Pom” as some folks call them, the first thing you probably wonder is how much they cost, right? Well, let’s break it down.

Initial Cost: How Much Does  A Pomeranian Puppy Cost?

Your typical price range for Pomeranian puppies might be between $500 to $6,000. Show-quality Pomeranians and those from top-notch breeders can be on the higher end of the spectrum.

Monthly Costs

• Food – Expect to spend around $30-$60 a month keeping your Pom’s belly full.
• Grooming – Pomeranians have a thick double coat that requires regular care. Grooming can be $30-$50 per session if you go professional, but you might also just buy brushes and shampoo for cheaper, do-it-yourself care.
• Veterinary Care – Set aside some cash for those regular vet visits too. Think like $20-$40 monthly for basic health maintenance, but this doesn’t include the unexpected stuff.

Annual Costs

• Vaccinations/Check-ups –  Roughly $100-$200 a year for keeping your pupper up-to-date on shots and healthy.
• Insurance –  If you opt for insurance, and it’s not a bad idea, you’re looking at around $200-$600 each year.

Remember, owning a dog is a commitment, and while Poms aren’t the priciest pals, they do need your time and money to live a happy, healthy life. So make sure you’ve got both to give. Happy Pomeranian parenting!

Final Thoughts

Pomeranians, with their spirited and lovable nature, make fantastic companions for the right owner. While they come with a set of needs like high grooming demands and a propensity for barking, their intelligence, loyalty, and adaptability make them cherished pets. 

Prospective and current owners need to commit to regular grooming, health care, and training to ensure these small dogs lead a happy, healthy life. Embracing the responsibilities that come with owning a Pomeranian will enrich your life with unmatched affection and companionship, making every day brighter with their cheerful presence

References

• Clark, R.D., 2017. Medical, Genetic and Behavioral Risk Factors of the Toy Breeds. Xlibris Corporation.
• Serpell, J.A. and Duffy, D.L., 2014. Dog breeds and their behavior. In Domestic dog cognition and behavior: The scientific study of Canis familiaris (pp. 31-57). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
• Capík, I., 2011. Periodontal health vs. various preventive means in toy dog breeds. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 79(4), pp.637-645.
• ÖZMEN, M.F., 2022. The effect of mating method and mating season on the number of puppies and determination of some reproductive parameters in Pomeranian dogs. Journal of Istanbul Veterinary Sciences, 6(1), pp.1-5.

Meet Your Experts

Tamsin De La Harpe

Author

Tamsin de la Harpe has nearly two decades of experience with dogs in rescue, training, and behavior modification with fearful and aggressive dogs. She has worked closely with veterinarians and various kennels, building up extensive medical knowledge and an understanding of canine health and physiology. She also spent two years in the animal sciences as a canine nutrition researcher, focusing on longevity and holistic healthcare for our four-legged companions. Tamsin currently keeps a busy homestead with an assortment of rescue dogs and three Bullmastiffs.

Tamsin de la Harpe has nearly two decades of experience with dogs in rescue, training, and behavior modification with fearful and aggressive dogs. She has worked closely with veterinarians and various kennels, building up extensive medical knowledge and an understanding of canine health and physiology. She also spent two years in the animal sciences as a canine nutrition researcher, focusing on longevity and holistic healthcare for our four-legged companions. Tamsin currently keeps a busy homestead with an assortment of rescue dogs and three Bullmastiffs.